Smoke/CO detectors

tpboyce

Member
Several years ago when remodeling my basement, I decided to upgrade my smoke detectors and put CO detectors in all rooms. The smoke detectors were about 13 years old. They were 110 volt with no battery backup. I pulled out all of the 110 volt wiring and put in 12 volt detectors wired to my HAI system that was previously only used for automation. I also put in 12 volt CO detectors also ran to the HAI. Doing some recent reading, I am not sure if I did the right thing. In hindsight, I am thinking that I should have done 110 volt combined sensors and the appropriate relay modules to tie into the HAI. Is what I have done against code?
 
No.

The newer 110V units are more for electricians to install and still meet code without having 2 independent systems to install or retrofit into a building.

Actually, I believe it is a better install, as the detectors provide more distinct and separate signals and alarms, as most people will not sit and decide if the sound is a Temp-3 or a Temp-4 code coming from a unit. Also, if the HAI is installed properly, you have better backup power as well as (if implemented on your system) the ability to receive an end of life/trouble from the CO's as well as via the smokes.
 
Could be. Most areas in US require 110v interconnected smoke detectors. If they were inspected when they were put in, you could run into code trouble.
 
Could be. Most areas in US require 110v interconnected smoke detectors. If they were inspected when they were put in, you could run into code trouble.
My statement is this regarding the OP:
Their new system is actually better than attempting to tie 110V units via relays or other divorced methods to a UL listed alarm panel, as the circuit and backup battery for the units are now supervised via the panel. Also, the detectors (depending on manufacturer) generally provide some sort of indication as far as detector sensitivity goes, as well as most likely went from ionization to PE for detector type.

It's also not 100% true regarding the 110V requirement, as nowhere does national code dictate the only smoke detectors allowed for this purpose must be 110V. The only requirements are there be 1 smoke detector on each floor and 1 in every sleeping area, with a detector immediately adjacent to the sleeping area(s).The detectors, however, are required to be hardwired as well as generate a tandem ring. Any variance that does not allow LV units for the purpose of primary fire detection is entirely a local mandate.

The typical arguement most AHJ's provide is if the alarm system isn't maintained or monitoring service discontinued, that the fire devices still function as intended. I've (unfortunately) had to argue the position with a few electrical inspectors and fire marshals, since barring a panel blowing up, the maintenance and backup provisions are no worse than 110V units.

The only functionality that would need to be maintained, barring an AHJ's objection, would be tandem ring and appropriate sounders in each smoke detector. Code does not dictate if the fire system needs to be 110V or low voltage. If push came to shove, I'm sure the AHJ could be brought in to verify compliance in regards to the certificate of occupancy, and honestly, the new setup meets or exceeds the original design criteria from 13 years ago, let alone 2012.
 
My statement is this regarding the OP:
Their new system is actually better than attempting to tie 110V units via relays or other divorced methods to a UL listed alarm panel, as the circuit and backup battery for the units are now supervised via the panel. Also, the detectors (depending on manufacturer) generally provide some sort of indication as far as detector sensitivity goes, as well as most likely went from ionization to PE for detector type.

It's also not 100% true regarding the 110V requirement, as nowhere does national code dictate the only smoke detectors allowed for this purpose must be 110V. The only requirements are there be 1 smoke detector on each floor and 1 in every sleeping area, with a detector immediately adjacent to the sleeping area(s).The detectors, however, are required to be hardwired as well as generate a tandem ring. Any variance that does not allow LV units for the purpose of primary fire detection is entirely a local mandate.

The typical arguement most AHJ's provide is if the alarm system isn't maintained or monitoring service discontinued, that the fire devices still function as intended. I've (unfortunately) had to argue the position with a few electrical inspectors and fire marshals, since barring a panel blowing up, the maintenance and backup provisions are no worse than 110V units.

The only functionality that would need to be maintained, barring an AHJ's objection, would be tandem ring and appropriate sounders in each smoke detector. Code does not dictate if the fire system needs to be 110V or low voltage. If push came to shove, I'm sure the AHJ could be brought in to verify compliance in regards to the certificate of occupancy, and honestly, the new setup meets or exceeds the original design criteria from 13 years ago, let alone 2012.


Code on the 120v vs LV Security Panel seems to be a very contentious issue where people interpret the same rules differently. I have seen where there were two systems sitting side by side. I completely don't understand why anyone would want a 120v system sitting side by side with a UL listed 12v system.

Anyway, the electricians who did my house told me I did not need a 120v system if I had the LV system. However, my home was never inspected as I am in the county jurisdiction (not the city) and the only inspection I get is on the septic. (A very odd situation the way the lines are drawn seeing as I actually live about 10 miles from the center of a city of 500,000/1,000,000 metro area). I had my home privately inspected, and they said nothing about the smokes.
 
I hate to say it Lou, but since I've worked down south and in the Houston area before, certain areas of the country don't enforce much in the way of building codes, let alone electrical or LV. I've dealt with major home builders down there (formerly Ryland and also Toll) and a lot of items breeze through the permitting and inspection process that are apalling to those in/from other areas of the country.

Some AHJ's are set in what they want to see, with that being 120V smokes, though it's not prescribed within code, and force the HO to install redundant LV units when the HO only wanted LV units.
 
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